LIBTRACEFS(3)

NAME
tracefs_function_filter, tracefs_function_notrace, tracefs_filter_functions - Functions to modify the the function trace filters

SYNOPSIS

#include <tracefs.h>
int tracefs_function_filter(struct tracefs_instance *instance, const char *filter, const char *module, int flags);
int tracefs_function_notrace(struct tracefs_instance *instance, const char *filter, const char *module, int flags);
int tracefs_filter_functions(const char *filter, const char *module, char ***list);

DESCRIPTION

tracefs_function_filter and tracefs_function_notrace can be used to limit the Linux kernel functions that would be traced by the function and function-graph tracers. The tracefs_function_filter defines a list of functions that can be traced. The tracefs_function_notrace defines a list of functions that will not be traced. If a function is in both lists, it will not be traced.

They take an instance , that can be NULL for the top level tracing, filter, a string that represents a filter that should be applied to define what functions are to be traced, module, to limit the filtering on a specific module (or NULL to filter on all functions), flags which holds control knobs on how the filters will be handled (see FLAGS) section below.

The tracefs_filter_functions returns a list of functions that can be filtered on via the filter and module that are supplied. If both filter and module are NULL then, all available functions that can be filtered is returned. On success, list must be freed with tracefs_list_free()(3).

The filter may be either a straight match of a function, a glob or regex(3). A glob is where * matches zero or more characters, ? will match zero or one character, and . only matches a period. If the filter is determined to be a regex (where it contains anything other than alpha numeric characters, or ., *, ?) the filter will be processed as a regex(3) following the rules of regex(3), and . is not a period, but will match any one character. To force a regular expression, either prefix filter with a ^ or append it with a $ as the filter does complete matches of the functions anyway.

If module is set and filter is NULL, this will imply the same as filter being equal to "*". Which will enable all functions for a given module. Otherwise the filter may be NULL if a previous call to tracefs_function_filter() with the same instance had TRACEFS_FL_CONTINUE set and this call does not. This is useful to simply commit the previous filters. It may also be NULL if TRACEFS_FL_RESET is set and the previous call did not have the same instance and TRACEFS_FL_CONTINUE set. This is useful to just clear the filter.

FLAGS

The flags parameter may have the following set, or be zero.

TRACEFS_FL_RESET : If flags contains TRACEFS_FL_RESET, then it will clear the filters that are currently set before applying filter. Otherwise, filter is added to the current set of filters already enabled. If this flag is set and the previous call to tracefs_function_filter() had the same instance and the TRACEFS_FL_CONTINUE flag was set, then the function will fail with a return of -1 and errno set to EBUSY.

TRACEFS_FL_CONTINUE : If flags contains TRACEFS_FL_CONTINUE, then filter will not take effect after a successful call to tracefs_function_filter(). This allows for multiple calls to tracefs_function_filter() to update the filter function and then a single call (one without the TRACEFS_FL_CONTINUE flag set) to commit all the filters. It can be called multiple times to add more filters. A call without this flag set will commit the changes before returning (if the filter passed in successfully matched). A tracefs_function_filter() call after one that had the TRACEFS_FL_CONTINUE flag set for the same instance will fail if TRACEFS_FL_RESET flag is set, as the reset flag is only applicable for the first filter to be added before committing.

TRACEFS_FL_FUTURE : If flags contains TRACEFS_FL_FUTURE and module holds a string of a module, then if the module is not loaded it will attemp to write the filter with the module in the filter file. Starting in Linux v4.13 module functions could be added to the filter before they are loaded. The filter will be cached, and when the module is loaded, the filter will be set before the module executes, allowing to trace init functions of a module. This will only work if the filter is not a regular expression.

RETURN VALUE

For tracefs_function_filter() and tracefs_function_notrace() a return of 0 means success. If the there is an error but the filtering was not started, then 1 is returned. If filtering was started but an error occurs, then -1 is returned. The state of the filtering may be in an unknown state.

If TRACEFS_FL_CONTINUE was set, and 0 or -1 was returned, then another call to tracefs_function_filter() must be done without TRACEFS_FL_CONTINUE set in order to commit (and close) the filtering.

For tracefs_filter_functions(), a return of 0 means success, and the list parameter is filled with a list of function names that matched filter and module. list is a string array, where the last string pointer in the array is NULL. The list must be freed with tracefs_list_free(). On failure, a negative is returned, and list is ignored.

ERRORS

tracefs_function_filter() can fail with the following errors:

EINVAL The filter is invalid or did not match any functions.

EBUSY The previous call of tracefs_function_filter() was called with the same instance and TRACEFS_FL_CONTINUE set and the current call had TRACEFS_FL_RESET set.

Other errors may also happen caused by internal system calls.

EXAMPLE

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <errno.h>
    #include <tracefs.h>
    #define INST "dummy"
    static const char *filters[] = { "run_init_process", "try_to_run_init_process", "dummy1", NULL };
    int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
            struct tracefs_instance *inst = tracefs_instance_create(INST);
            char **func_list;
            int ret;
            int i;
            if (!inst) {
                    /* Error creating new trace instance */
            }
            if (tracefs_filter_functions("*lock*", NULL, &func_list) < 0) {
                    printf("Failed to read filter functions\n");
                    goto out;
            }
            printf("Ignoring the following functions:\n");
            for (i = 0; func_list[i]; i++)
                    printf("  %s\n", func_list[i]);
            tracefs_list_free(func_list);
            /* Do not trace any function with the word "lock" in it */
            ret = tracefs_function_notrace(inst, "*lock*", NULL, TRACEFS_FL_RESET);
            if (ret) {
                    printf("Failed to set the notrace filter\n");
                    goto out;
            }
            /* First reset the filter */
            ret = tracefs_function_filter(inst, NULL, NULL,
                                          TRACEFS_FL_RESET | TRACEFS_FL_CONTINUE);
            if (ret) {
                    printf("Failed to reset the filter\n");
                    /* Make sure it is closed, -1 means filter was started */
                    if (ret < 0)
                            tracefs_function_filter(inst, NULL, NULL, 0);
            }
            for (i = 0; filters[i]; i++) {
                    ret = tracefs_function_filter(inst, filters[i], NULL,
                                                  TRACEFS_FL_CONTINUE);
                    if (ret) {
                            if (errno == EINVAL)
                                    printf("Filter %s did not match\n", filters[i]);
                            else
                                    printf("Failed writing %s\n", filters[i]);
                    }
            }
            ret = tracefs_function_filter(inst, "*", "ext4", 0);
            if (ret) {
                    printf("Failed to set filters for ext4\n");
                    /* Force the function to commit previous filters */
                    tracefs_function_filter(inst, NULL, NULL, 0);
            }
     out:
            tracefs_instance_destroy(inst);
            return ret;
    }

FILES

    tracefs.h
            Header file to include in order to have access to the library APIs.
    -ltracefs
            Linker switch to add when building a program that uses the library.

SEE ALSO

libtracefs(3), libtraceevent(3), trace-cmd(1)

AUTHOR

    Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org[1]>
    Tzvetomir Stoyanov <tz.stoyanov@gmail.com[2]>
    sameeruddin shaik <sameeruddin.shaik8@gmail.com[3]>

REPORTING BUGS

Report bugs to <linux-trace-devel@vger.kernel.org[4]>

LICENSE

libtracefs is Free Software licensed under the GNU LGPL 2.1

RESOURCES

https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/libs/libtrace/libtracefs.git/

COPYING

Copyright (C) 2020 VMware, Inc. Free use of this software is granted under the terms of the GNU Public License (GPL).

NOTES

1.  rostedt@goodmis.org
    mailto:rostedt@goodmis.org

2.  tz.stoyanov@gmail.com
    mailto:tz.stoyanov@gmail.com

3.  sameeruddin.shaik8@gmail.com
    mailto:sameeruddin.shaik8@gmail.com

4.  linux-trace-devel@vger.kernel.org
    mailto:linux-trace-devel@vger.kernel.org